Many members of our community both young and old suffer from "Diabetes Mellitus" a disorder that results in elevated blood sugar levels. A person with diabetes needs to pay special attention to their feet, as they have special needs.

Diabetes puts your feet at risk:

Diabetes may cause a narrowing or hardening of the arteries, and hence reduce the circulation or blood supply to the feet. This results in feet healing slower, making ulcers and gangrene more likely. Cramps or painful legs may also be experienced when walking or resting. Diabetes can lead to the damage of the small nerve endings of the feet. This is known as neuropathy and results in the absence of pain; therefore, injuries to the feet can sometimes go unnoticed, as they cannot be felt. Nerves can also become painful which may lead to burning and aching sensations. Numbness, tingling or pins and needles may also be experience. Diabetes increases the risk of infections, like tinea or cellulitis. Due to the higher sugar levels in the blood, your body is not efficient in resisting and fighting infections.

The role of the Podiatrist:

Podiatrists are involved in the maintenance of healthy feet in people with diabetes by providing ongoing regular footcare programs as well as assisting in established cases of foot conditions where a team approach may be used, including your podiatrist, family doctor, diabetes specialist, nursing services and diabetes educators.

What you can do to maintain healthy feet:

1. BLOOD SUGAR LEVELS The first step to foot health is maintaining an acceptable blood sugar level by obeying your doctor's instructions regarding DIET, TESTING METHODS, MEDIVCATION and EXERCISE.

2. CIRCULATION Your circulation will be improved by regular exercise.

NEVER:

Wear tight garters, stockings or shoes Sit with your legs crossed Expose your feet to extremes of temperature (heater, cold tile floors etc) Smoke   ( see Circulation and Therafirm socks )

3. SHOES

Wear well fitting supportive shoes at all times. Check inside your shoes regularly for rough edges, exposed tacks etc.    ( see Specialist Footwear )

4. CORNS

Do not use caustic corn cures or plasters. See a Podiatrist for removal.

5. WASHING AND MOISTURISING

Wash your feet in warm (not hot) water using mild soap. Dry thoroughly with a 'blotting' action, checking carefully between toes. Apply a water-based cream or lotion to heels.

6. NAIL CARE

Nails should be cut straight across in line with the end of the toe. It is better to file your nails straight across regularly. See your podiatrist if you have difficulty cutting your nails.

7. INJURIES

Blisters, cuts and scratches should be cleaned with a mild antiseptic or salty water (avoid strong antiseptics). Cover with a clean dressing and seek medical advice if you notice signs of inflammation: heat, redness, swelling and pain.

8. SOCKS AND STOCKINGS

Woollen or cotton socks are better than stretch hosiery. Ensure adequate room at the toes. Gippsland Foot Clinic has a range of health socks available.   ( see Circulation and Therafirm socks )

9. PROFESSIONAL ADVICE

Inspect your feet daily, or have someone do this for you. If you notice any abnormalities consult your Podiatrist. Have a full vascular and neurological assessment done from your podiatrist every 6-12 months, so that any changes to the circulation and/or nerves of your feet can be detected.